The Black Hat Europe hacker conference in London included a session titled "Don't Judge an Audiobook by Its Cover" about a two critical (and now fixed) flaws in Amazon's Kindle. The Times reports both flaws [1]were discovered by engineering analyst Valentino Ricotta (from the cybersecurity research division of [2]Thales ), who was awarded a "bug bounty" of $20,000 (£15,000 ).

> He said: "What especially struck me with this device, that's been sitting on my bedside table for years, is that it's connected to the internet. It's constantly running because the battery lasts a long time and it has access to my Amazon account. It can even pay for books from the store with my credit card in a single click. Once an attacker gets a foothold inside a Kindle, it could access personal data, your credit card information, pivot to your local network or even to other devices that are registered with your Amazon account."

>

> Ricotta discovered flaws in the Kindle software that scans and extracts information from audiobooks... He also identified a vulnerability in the onscreen keyboard. Through both of these, he tricked the Kindle into loading malicious code, which enabled him to take the user's Amazon session cookies — tokens that give access to the account. Ricotta said that people could be exposed to this type of hack if they "side-load" books on to the Kindle through non-Amazon stores.

Ricotta donated his bug bounties to charity...



[1] https://www.thetimes.com/uk/technology-uk/article/kindle-amazon-e-book-hacking-t6wjhq80h

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thales_Group

Superintelligence has become "a quasi-political forecast" with "very little to do with any scientific consensus, emerging instead from particular corridors of power." That's [1]the warning from James O'Sullivan , a lecturer in digital humanities from University College Cork. In a refreshing 5,600-word essay in Noema magazine, he notes the suspicious coincidence that "The loudest prophets of superintelligence are those building the very systems they warn against..."

"When we accept that AGI is inevitable, we stop asking whether it should be built, and in the furor, we miss that we seem to have conceded that a small group of technologists should determine our future." (For example, OpenAI CEO Sam Altman "seems determined to position OpenAI as humanity's champion, bearing the terrible burden of creating God-like intelligence so that it might be restrained.")

> The superintelligence discourse functions as a sophisticated apparatus of power, transforming immediate questions about corporate accountability, worker displacement, algorithmic bias and democratic governance into abstract philosophical puzzles about consciousness and control... Media amplification plays a crucial role in this process, as every incremental improvement in large language models gets framed as a step towards AGI. ChatGPT writes poetry; surely consciousness is imminent... " Such accounts, often sourced from the very companies building these systems, create a sense of momentum that becomes self-fulfilling. Investors invest because AGI seems near, researchers join companies because that's where the future is being built and governments defer regulation because they don't want to handicap their domestic champions...

>

> We must recognize this process as political, not technical. The inevitability of superintelligence is manufactured through specific choices about funding, attention and legitimacy, and different choices would produce different futures. The fundamental question isn't whether AGI is coming, but who benefits from making us believe it is... We do not yet understand what kind of systems we are building, or what mix of breakthroughs and failures they will produce, and that uncertainty makes it reckless to funnel public money and attention into a single speculative trajectory.

Some key points:

"The machines are coming for us, or so we're told. Not today, but soon enough that we must seemingly reorganize civilization around their arrival..."

"When we debate whether a future artificial general intelligence might eliminate humanity, we're not discussing the Amazon warehouse worker whose movements are dictated by algorithmic surveillance or the Palestinian whose neighborhood is targeted by automated weapons systems. These present realities dissolve into background noise against the rhetoric of existential risk..."

"Seen clearly, the prophecy of superintelligence is less a warning about machines than a strategy for power, and that strategy needs to be recognized for what it is... "

"Superintelligence discourse isn't spreading because experts broadly agree it is our most urgent problem; it spreads because a well-resourced movement has given it money and access to power..."

"Academic institutions, which are meant to resist such logics, have been conscripted into this manufacture of inevitability... reinforcing industry narratives, producing papers on AGI timelines and alignment strategies, lending scholarly authority to speculative fiction..."

"The prophecy becomes self-fulfilling through material concentration — as resources flow towards AGI development, alternative approaches to AI starve..."

"The dominance of superintelligence narratives obscures the fact that many other ways of doing AI exist, grounded in present social needs rather than hypothetical machine gods..." [He lists data sovereignty movements "that treat data as a collective resource subject to collective consent," as well as organizations like Canada's First Nations Information Governance Centre and New Zealand's's Te Mana Raraunga, plus "Global South initiatives that use modest, locally governed AI systems to support healthcare, agriculture or education under tight resource constraints."] "Such examples... demonstrate how AI can be organized without defaulting to the superintelligence paradigm that demands everyone else be sacrificed because a few tech bros can see the greater good that everyone else has missed..."

"These alternatives also illuminate the democratic deficit at the heart of the superintelligence narrative. Treating AI at once as an arcane technical problem that ordinary people cannot understand and as an unquestionable engine of social progress allows authority to consolidate in the hands of those who own and build the systems..."

He's ultimately warning us about "politics masked as predictions..."

"The real political question is not whether some artificial superintelligence will emerge, but who gets to decide what kinds of intelligence we build and sustain. And the answer cannot be left to the corporate prophets of artificial transcendence because the future of AI is a political field — it should be open to contestation.

"It belongs not to those who warn most loudly of gods or monsters, but to publics that should have the moral right to democratically govern the technologies that shape their lives."



[1] https://www.noemamag.com/the-politics-of-superintelligence/

"A SpaceX executive says a satellite deployed from a Chinese rocket risked colliding with a Starlink satellite," [1]reports PC Magazine :

> On Friday, company VP for Starlink engineering, Michael Nicolls, [2]tweeted about the incident and blamed a lack of coordination from the Chinese launch provider CAS Space. "When satellite operators do not share ephemeris for their satellites, dangerously close approaches can occur in space," he wrote, referring to the publication of predicted orbital positions for such satellites...

>

> [I]t looks like one of the satellites veered relatively close to a Starlink sat that's been in service for over two years. "As far as we know, no coordination or deconfliction with existing satellites operating in space was performed, resulting in a 200 meter (656 feet) close approach between one of the deployed satellites and STARLINK-6079 (56120) at 560 km altitude," Nicolls wrote... "Most of the risk of operating in space comes from the lack of coordination between satellite operators — this needs to change," he added.

Chinese launch provider CAS Space told PCMag that "As a launch service provider, our responsibility ends once the satellites are deployed, meaning we do not have control over the satellites' maneuvers."

And the article also cites astronomer/satellite tracking expert Jonathan McDowell, who had tweeted that CAS Space's response " [3]seems reasonable ." (In an email to PC Magazine , he'd said "Two days after launch is beyond the window usually used for predicting launch related risks."

But "The coordination that Nicolls cited is becoming more and more important," [4]notes Space.com , since "Earth orbit is getting more and more crowded."

> In 2020, for example, [5]fewer than 3,400 functional satellites were whizzing around our planet. Just five years later, that number has soared to [6]about 13,000 , and more spacecraft are going up all the time. Most of them belong to SpaceX. The company currently operates [7]nearly 9,300 Starlink satellites , more than 3,000 of which have launched this year alone.

>

> Starlink satellites avoid potential collisions autonomously, maneuvering themselves away from conjunctions predicted by available tracking data. And this sort of evasive action is quite common: Starlink spacecraft performed about [8]145,000 avoidance maneuvers in the first six months of 2025, which works out to around four maneuvers per satellite per month. That's an impressive record. But many other spacecraft aren't quite so capable, and even Starlink satellites can be blindsided by spacecraft whose operators don't share their trajectory data, as Nicolls noted.

>

> And even a single collision — between two satellites, or involving pieces of space junk, which are plentiful in Earth orbit as well — could spawn a huge cloud of debris, which could cause further collisions. Indeed, the nightmare scenario, known as [9]the Kessler syndrome , is a debris cascade that makes it difficult or impossible to operate satellites in parts of the final frontier.



[1] https://www.pcmag.com/news/spacex-alleges-a-chinese-satellite-risked-colliding-with-starlink

[2] https://x.com/michaelnicollsx/status/1999630601046097947

[3] https://x.com/planet4589/status/1999806402450362796

[4] https://www.space.com/space-exploration/satellites/spacecraft-from-chinese-launch-nearly-slammed-into-starlink-satellite-spacex-says

[5] https://sia.org/historic-number-of-launches-powers-commercial-satellite-industry-growth-satellite-industry-association-releases-the-28th-annual-state-of-the-satellite-industry-report/

[6] https://www.esa.int/Space_Safety/Space_Debris/Space_debris_by_the_numbers

[7] https://planet4589.org/space/con/star/stats.html

[8] https://www.space.com/space-exploration/satellites/is-low-earth-orbit-getting-too-crowded-new-study-rings-an-alarm-bell

[9] https://www.space.com/space-exploration/satellites/tragedy-of-the-commons-in-space-we-need-to-act-now-to-prevent-an-orbital-debris-crisis-scientists-say

Roomba manufacturer iRobot filed for bankruptcy today, [1]reports Bloomberg .

After 35 years, iRobot reached a "restructuring support agrement that will hand control of the consumer robot maker to Shenzhen PICEA Robotics Co, its main supplier and lender, and Santrum Hong Kong Compny."

> Under the restructuring, vacuum cleaner maker Shenzhen PICEA will receive the entire equity stake in the reorganised company... The plan will allow the debtor to remain as a going concern and continue to meet its commitments to employees and make timely payments in full to vendors and other creditors for amounts owed throughout the court-supervised process, according to an iRobot statement... he company warned of potential bankruptcy in December after years of declining earnings.

Roomba says it's sold over 50 million robots, the article points out, but earnings "began to decline since 2021 due to supply chain headwinds and increased competition.

"A hoped-for by acquisition by Amazon.com in 2023 collapsed over regulatory concerns."



[1] https://www.msn.com/en-my/technology/robotics/robot-vacuum-roomba-maker-files-for-bankruptcy-after-35-years/ar-AA1SkZEb

"As Australia began [1]enforcing a world-first social media ban for children under 16 years old this week, Denmark is planning to follow its lead," [2]reports the Associated Press , "and severely restrict social media access for young people."

> The Danish government [3]announced last month that it had secured an agreement by three governing coalition and two opposition parties in parliament to ban access to social media for anyone under the age of 15. Such a measure would be the most sweeping step yet by a European Union nation to limit use of social media among teens and children.

>

> The Danish government's plans could become law as soon as mid-2026. The proposed measure would give some parents the right to let their children access social media from age 13, local media reported, but the ministry has not yet fully shared the plans... [A] new "digital evidence" app, announced by the Digital Affairs Ministry last month and expected to launch next spring, will likely form the backbone of the Danish plans. The app will display an age certificate to ensure users comply with social media age limits, the ministry said.

The article also notes Malaysia "is [4]expected to ban social media accounts for people under the age of 16 starting at the beginning of next year, and Norway is also taking steps to restrict social media access for children and teens.

"China — which manufacturers many of the world's digital devices — has set [5]limits on online gaming time and [6]smartphone time for kids ."



[1] https://tech.slashdot.org/story/25/12/09/2112230/millions-of-australian-teens-lose-access-to-social-media-as-ban-takes-effect

[2] https://apnews.com/article/denmark-social-media-ban-australia-1e96a3df3276cc2033a6f04effb89f51

[3] https://apnews.com/article/denmark-social-media-ban-children-7862d2a8cc590b4969c8931a01adc7f4

[4] https://apnews.com/article/malaysia-social-media-ban-under-16-1e9e20321c8c83c470ff7489139f10b8

[5] https://apnews.com/article/gaming-business-children-00db669defcc8e0ca1fc2dc54120a0b8

[6] https://apnews.com/article/china-internet-restrictions-children-smartphone-limits-8435b530b117b70357856ddf6a5968d1

The Wall Street Journal reports that 68% of CEOs " [1]plan to spend even more on AI in 2026 , according to an annual survey of more than 350 public-company CEOs from advisory firm Teneo." And yet "less than half of current AI projects had generated more in returns than they had cost, respondents said."

> They reported the most success using AI in marketing and customer service and challenges using it in higher-risk areas such as security, legal and human resources.

>

> Teneo also surveyed about 400 institutional investors, of which 53% expect that AI initiatives would begin to deliver returns on investments within six months. That compares to the 84% of CEOs of large companies — those with revenue of $10 billion or more — who believe it will take more than six months.

>

> Surprisingly, 67% of CEOs believe AI will increase their entry-level head count, while 58% believe AI will increase senior leadership head count.

All the surveyed CEOS were from public companies with revenue over $1 billion...



[1] https://www.msn.com/en-us/technology/artificial-intelligence/ceos-to-keep-spending-on-ai-despite-spotty-returns/ar-AA1SkMcE

An anonymous reader shared [1]this report from the BBC :

> A billionaire investor keen on buying TikTok's US operations has told the BBC he has been left in limbo as the latest deadline for the app's sale looms.

>

> The US has repeatedly delayed the date by which the platform's Chinese owner, Bytedance, must sell or be blocked for American users. US President Donald Trump appears poised to extend the deadline for a fifth time on Tuesday. "We're just standing by and waiting to see what happens," investor Frank McCourt told BBC News...

>

> The president...said "sophisticated" US investors [2]would acquire the app , including two of his allies: Oracle chairman Larry Ellison and Dell Technologies' Michael Dell. Members of the Trump administration had indicated the deal would be formalised in a meeting between Trump and Xi in October — however it concluded without an agreement being reached. Neither TikTok's Chinese owner ByteDance nor Beijing have since announced approval of a sale, despite Trump's claims. This time there are no such claims a deal is imminent, leading most analysts to conclude another extension is inevitable.

Other investors besides McCourt include Reddit co-founder Alexis Ohanian and Shark Tank entrepreneur Kevin O'Leary.



[1] https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cp34442z25ko

[2] https://www.cnbc.com/2025/09/25/trump-approves-tiktok-deal-through-executive-order.html

An anonymous reader shared [1]this report from the Los Angeles Times :

> Popular podcast host Steven Bartlett has used an AI clone to launch a new kind of content aimed at the 13 million followers of his podcast "Diary of a CEO." On YouTube, his clone narrates " [2]100 CEOs With Steven Bartlett ," which adds AI-generated animation to Bartlett's cloned voice to tell the life stories of entrepreneurs such as Steve Jobs and Richard Branson. Erica Mandy, the Redondo Beach-based host of the daily news podcast called "The Newsworthy," [3]let an AI voice fill in for her earlier this year after she lost her voice from laryngitis and her backup host bailed out...

>

> In podcasting, many listeners feel strong bonds to hosts they listen to regularly. The slow encroachment of AI voices for one-off episodes, canned ad reads, sentence replacement in postproduction or translation into multiple languages has sparked anger as well as curiosity from both creators and consumers of the content. Augmenting or replacing host reads with AI is perceived by many as a breach of trust and as trivializing the human connection listeners have with hosts, said Megan Lazovick, vice president of Edison Research, a podcast research company... Still, platforms such as YouTube and Spotify have introduced features for creators to clone their voice and translate their content into multiple languages to increase reach and revenue. A new generation of voice cloning companies, many with operations in California, offers better emotion, tone, pacing and overall voice quality...

>

> Some are using the tech to carpet-bomb the market with content. Los Angeles podcasting studio Inception Point AI has produced its 200,000 podcast episodes, in some weeks accounting for 1% of all podcasts published that week on the internet, according to CEO Jeanine Wright. The podcasts are so cheap to make that they can focus on tiny topics, like local weather, small sports teams, gardening and other niche subjects. Instead of a studio searching for a specific "hit" podcast idea, it takes just $1 to produce an episode so that they can be profitable with just 25 people listening... One of its popular synthetic hosts is [4]Vivian Steele , an AI celebrity gossip columnist with a sassy voice and a sharp tongue... Inception Point has built a roster of more than 100 AI personalities whose characteristics, voices and likenesses are crafted for podcast audiences. Its AI hosts include Clare Delish, a cooking guidance expert, and garden enthusiast [5]Nigel Thistledown ...

>

> Across Apple and Spotify, Inception Point podcasts have now garnered 400,000 subscribers.



[1] https://tech.yahoo.com/ai/articles/podcast-industry-divided-ai-bots-110000820.html

[2] https://www.youtube.com/@100CEOs

[3] https://open.spotify.com/episode/0e2oeJJMOJELeHHX7QH6qK?si=290cb39b5b7b48b3

[4] https://www.instagram.com/vvsteeleip/

[5] https://open.spotify.com/show/7aKSCghOxn0zZSgRnz4chZ

AI " [1]has gutted entry-level roles in the tech industry ," reports Rest of World .

One student at a high-ranking engineering college in India tells them that among his 400 classmates, "fewer than 25% have secured job offers... there's a sense of panic on the campus."

> Students at engineering colleges in India, China, Dubai, and Kenya are facing a "jobpocalypse" as artificial intelligence replaces humans in entry-level roles. Tasks once assigned to fresh graduates, such as debugging, testing, and routine software maintenance, are now increasingly automated. Over the last three years, the number of fresh graduates hired by big tech companies globally [2]has declined by more than 50% , according to a report published by SignalFire, a San Francisco-based venture capital firm. Even though hiring rebounded slightly in 2024, only 7% of new hires were recent graduates. As many as 37% of managers said they'd rather use AI than hire a Gen Z employee...

>

> Indian IT services companies have reduced entry-level roles by 20%-25% thanks to automation and AI, consulting firm EY said in a report last month. Job platforms like LinkedIn, Indeed, and Eures noted a [3]35% decline in junior tech positions across major EU countries during 2024...

>

> "Five years ago, there was a real war for [coders and developers]. There was bidding to hire," and 90% of the hires were for off-the-shelf technical roles, or positions that utilize ready-made technology products rather than requiring in-house development, said Vahid Haghzare, director at IT hiring firm Silicon Valley Associates Recruitment in Dubai. Since the rise of AI, "it has dropped dramatically," he said. "I don't even think it's touching 5%. It's almost completely vanished." The company headhunts workers from multiple countries including China, Singapore, and the U.K... The current system, where a student commits three to five years to learn computer science and then looks for a job, is "not sustainable," Haghzare said. Students are "falling down a hole, and they don't know how to get out of it."



[1] https://restofworld.org/2025/engineering-graduates-ai-job-losses/

[2] https://www.signalfire.com/blog/signalfire-state-of-talent-report-2025

[3] https://talentup.io/blog/why-entry-level-jobs-in-europe-are-becoming-harder-to-find-in-2025/

"Polar bears are still sadly expected to go extinct this century," with two-thirds of the population gone by 2050," says the lead researcher on a new study from the University of East Anglia in Britain.

But their research also suggests polar bears "are rapidly rewiring their own genetics in a bid to survive," [1]reports NBC News , in "the first documented case of rising temperatures driving genetic change in a mammal."

> "I believe our work really does offer a glimmer of hope — a window of opportunity for us to reduce our carbon emissions to slow down the rate of climate change and to give these bears more time to adapt to these stark changes in their habitats," [the lead author of the study told NBC News].

>

> Building on earlier University of Washington research, [lead researcher] Godden's team analyzed blood samples from polar bears in northeastern and southeastern Greenland. In the slightly warmer south, they found that genes linked to heat stress, aging and metabolism behaved differently from those in northern bears. "Essentially this means that different groups of bears are having different sections of their DNA changed at different rates, and this activity seems linked to their specific environment and climate," Godden said in a university press release. She said this shows, for the first time, that a unique group of one species has been forced to "rewrite their own DNA," adding that this process can be considered "a desperate survival mechanism against melting sea ice...."

>

> Researchers say warming ocean temperatures have reduced vital sea ice platforms that the bears use to hunt seals, leading to isolation and food scarcity. This led to genetic changes as the animals' digestive system adapts to a diet of plants and low fats in the absence of prey, Godden told NBC News.



[1] https://www.nbcnews.com/world/greenland/polar-bears-adapting-survive-warming-climate-rcna248805

Time magazine used its 98th annual "Person of the Year" cover to " [1]recognize a force that has dominated the year's headlines , for better or for worse. For delivering the age of thinking machines, for [2]wowing and worrying humanity, for transforming the present and transcending the possible, the Architects of AI are [3]TIME's 2025 Person of the Year ."

One cover illustration shows eight AI executives sitting precariously on a beam high above the city, while [4]Time's 6,700-word article promises "the story of how AI changed our world in 2025, in new and exciting and sometimes frightening ways. It is the story of how [Nvidia CEO] Huang and other tech titans grabbed the wheel of history, developing technology and making decisions that are reshaping the information landscape, the climate, and our livelihoods."

Time describes them betting on "one of the biggest physical infrastructure projects of all time," mentioning all the usual worries — datacenters' energy consumption, chatbot psychosis, predictions of "wiping out huge numbers of jobs" and the possibility of an AI stock market bubble. (Although "The drumbeat of warning that advanced AI could kill us all has mostly quieted"). But it also notes AI's potential to jumpstart innovation (and economic productivity)

> This year, the debate about how to [5]wield AI responsibly gave way to a sprint to deploy it as fast as possible. "Every industry needs it, every company uses it, and every nation needs to build it," Huang tells TIME in a 75-minute interview in November, two days after announcing that Nvidia, the world's first $5 trillion company, had once again smashed Wall Street's earnings expectations. "This is the single most impactful technology of our time..."

>

> The risk-averse are no longer in the driver's seat. Thanks to Huang, Son, Altman, and other AI titans, humanity is now flying down the highway, all gas no brakes, toward a highly automated and highly uncertain future. Perhaps Trump [6]said it best , speaking directly to Huang with a jovial laugh in the U.K. in September: "I don't know what you're doing here. I hope you're right."



[1] https://time.com/7339621/person-of-the-year-2025-ai-architects-choice/

[2] https://time.com/7327327/ai-what-we-dont-know-can-hurt-us/

[3] https://time.com/7339685/person-of-the-year-2025-ai-architects/

[4] https://time.com/7339685/person-of-the-year-2025-ai-architects/

[5] https://time.com/7338013/ai-risks-problems-reasoning-agents-henry-kissinger/

[6] https://www.reuters.com/business/taking-over-world-trump-says-he-hopes-ai-bosses-know-what-theyre-doing-2025-09-18/

U.S. Senator Sheldon Whitehouse said Friday he was moving to file a bipartisan bill to [1]repeal Section 230 of America's Communications Decency Act .

"The law prevents most civil suits against users or services that are based on what others say," [2]explains an EFF blog post . "Experts argue that a repeal of Section 230 could kill free speech on the internet," [3]writes LiveMint — though America's last two presidents both supported a repeal:

> During his first presidency, U.S. President Donald Trump called to repeal the law and signed an executive order attempting to curb some of its protections, though it was challenged in court. Subsequently, former President Joe Biden also voiced his opinion against the law.

An [4]EFF blog post explains the case for Section 230:

> Congress passed this bipartisan legislation because it recognized that promoting more user speech online outweighed potential harms. When harmful speech takes place, it's the speaker that should be held responsible, not the service that hosts the speech... Without Section 230, the Internet is different. In Canada and Australia, courts have allowed operators of online discussion groups to be punished for things their users have said. That has reduced the amount of user speech online, particularly on controversial subjects. In non-democratic countries, governments can directly censor the internet, controlling the speech of platforms and users. If the law makes us liable for the speech of others, the biggest platforms would likely become locked-down and heavily censored. The next great websites and apps won't even get started, because they'll face overwhelming legal risk to host users' speech.

But "I strongly believe that Section 230 has long outlived its use," Senator Whitehouse [5]said this week , saying Section 230 "a real vessel for evil that needs to come to an end."

> "The laws that Section 230 protect these big platforms from are very often laws that go back to the common law of England, that we inherited when this country was initially founded. I mean, these are long-lasting, well-tested, important legal constraints that have — they've met the test of time, not by the year or by the decade, but by the century.

>

> "And yet because of this crazy Section 230, these ancient and highly respected doctrines just don't reach these people. And it really makes no sense, that if you're an internet platform you get treated one way; you do the exact same thing and you're a publisher, you get treated a completely different way.

>

> "And so I think that the time has come.... It really makes no sense... [Testimony before the committee] shows how alone and stranded people are when they don't have the chance to even get justice. It's bad enough to have to live through the tragedy... But to be told by a law of Congress, you can't get justice because of the platform — not because the law is wrong, not because the rule is wrong, not because this is anything new — simply because the wrong type of entity created this harm."



[1] https://bsky.app/profile/judiciarydems.senate.gov/post/3m7sjbvhbms2z

[2] https://www.eff.org/issues/cda230

[3] https://www.livemint.com/news/us-news/us-senator-moves-to-file-section-230-repeal-what-is-the-law-how-will-a-ban-affect-your-free-speech-on-the-internet-11765605040550.html

[4] https://www.eff.org/issues/cda230

[5] https://youtu.be/igcufxnw578?si=iszNh2ltvCA1wyhU

Nonprofit Code.org released its [1]2025 State of AI & Computer Science Education report this week with a [2]state-by-state analysis of school policies complaining that "0 out of 50 states require AI+CS for graduation."

But meanwhile, at the college level, "Purdue University will begin requiring that all of its undergraduate students demonstrate basic competency in AI," [3]writes former college president Michael Nietzel , "starting with freshmen who enter the university in 2026."

> The new "AI working competency" graduation requirement was [4]approved by the university's Board of Trustees at its meeting on December 12... The requirement will be embedded into every undergraduate program at Purdue, but it won't be done in a "one-size-fits-all" manner. Instead, the Board is delegating authority to the provost, who will work with the deans of all the academic colleges to develop discipline-specific criteria and proficiency standards for the new campus-wide requirement. [Purdue president] Chiang said students will have to demonstrate a working competence through projects that are tailored to the goals of individual programs. The intent is to not require students to take more credit hours, but to integrate the new AI expectation into existing academic requirements...

>

> While the news release claimed that Purdue may be the first school to establish such a requirement, at least one other university has introduced its own institution-wide expectation that all its graduates acquire basic AI skills. Earlier this year, The Ohio State University launched [5]an AI Fluency initiative , infusing basic AI education into core undergraduate requirements and majors, with the goal of helping students understand and use AI tools — no matter their major.

>

> Purdue wants its new initiative to help graduates:

>

> — Understand and use the latest AI tools effectively in their chosen fields, including being able to identify the key strengths and limits of AI technologies;

>

> — Recognize and communicate clearly about AI, including developing and defending decisions informed by AI, as well as recognizing the influence and consequences of AI in decision-making;

>

> — Adapt to and work with future AI developments effectively.



[1] https://advocacy.code.org/stateofaics/

[2] https://drive.google.com/file/d/1p1x-UFVec0fwXOBv2B17j65wiD8KYSvQ/view

[3] https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaeltnietzel/2025/12/13/purdue-university-approves-new-ai-requirement-for-all-undergrads/

[4] https://www.purdue.edu/newsroom/2025/Q4/purdue-unveils-comprehensive-ai-strategy-trustees-approve-ai-working-competency-graduation-requirement/

[5] https://news.osu.edu/ohio-state-launches-bold-ai-fluency-initiative-to-redefine-learning-and-innovation/

An anonymous reader [1]shared this report from Phoronix :

> Due to the growing number of GNOME Shell extensions looking to appear on extensions.gnome.org that were generated using AI, it's now prohibited. The [2]new rule in their guidelines note that AI-generated code will be explicitly rejected:

>

> "Extensions must not be AI-generated

>

> While it is not prohibited to use AI as a learning aid or a development tool (i.e. code completions), extension developers should be able to justify and explain the code they submit, within reason.

>

> Submissions with large amounts of unnecessary code, inconsistent code style, imaginary API usage, comments serving as LLM prompts, or other indications of AI-generated output will be rejected."

In a blog post, GNOME developer Javad Rahmatzadeh explains that "Some devs [3]are using AI without understanding the code ..."



[1] https://www.phoronix.com/news/GNOME-Extensions-Block-AI

[2] https://gjs.guide/extensions/review-guidelines/review-guidelines.html#extensions-must-not-be-ai-generated

[3] https://blogs.gnome.org/jrahmatzadeh/2025/12/06/ai-and-gnome-shell-extensions/

The R programming language "is sometimes frowned upon by 'traditional' software engineers," says the CEO of software quality services vendor Tiobe, "due to its unconventional syntax and limited scalability for large production systems." But he says it "continues to thrive at universities and in research-driven industries, and "for domain experts, it remains a powerful and elegant tool."

Yet it's now gaining more popularity as statistics and large-scale data visualization become important (a trend he also sees reflected in the rise of Wolfram/Mathematica). That's according to December's edition of his [1]TIOBE Index , which attempts to rank the popularity of programming languages based on search-engine results for courses, third-party vendors, and skilled engineers. [2] InfoWorld explains :

> In the December 2025 index, published December 7, R ranks 10th with a 1.96% rating. R has cracked the Tiobe index's top 10 before, such as in [3]April 2020 and [4]July 2020 , but not in recent years. The rival [5]Pypl Popularity of Programming Language Index , meanwhile, has R ranked fifth this month with a 5.84% share. "Programming language R is known for fitting statisticians and data scientists like a glove," said Paul Jansen, CEO of software quality services vendor Tiobe, in a bulletin accompanying the December index...

>

> Although data science rival Python has eclipsed R in terms of general adoption, Jansen said R has carved out a solid and enduring niche, excelling at rapid experimentation, statistical modeling, and exploratory data analysis. "We have seen many Tiobe index top 10 entrants rising and falling," Jansen wrote. "It will be interesting to see whether R can maintain its current position."

"Python remains ahead at 23.64%," [6]notes TechRepublic , "while the familiar chase group behind it holds steady for the moment. The real movement comes deeper in the list, where SQL edges upward, R rises to the top 10, and Delphi/Object Pascal slips away... SQLclimbs from tenth to eighth at 2.10%, adding a small +0.11% that's enough to move it upward in a tightly packed section of the table. Perl holds ninth at 1.97%, strengthened by a +1.33% gain that extends its late-year resurgence."

It's interesting to see how TIOBE's ranking compare with PYPL's (which ranks languages based solely on how often language tutorials are searched on Google):

[7]TIOBE

[8]PYPL

Python

Python

C

C/C++

C++

Objective-C

Java

Java

C#

R

JavaScript

JavaScript

Visual Basic

Swift

SQL

C#

Perl

PHP

R

Rust

Despite their different methodologies, both lists put Python at #1, Java at #5, and JavaScript at #7.



[1] https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/

[2] https://www.infoworld.com/article/4102696/r-language-is-making-a-comeback-tiobe.html

[3] https://www.infoworld.com/article/2257576/major-r-language-update-brings-big-changes.html

[4] https://www.infoworld.com/article/2258965/r-language-rises-with-covid-19-research.html

[5] https://pypl.github.io/PYPL.html

[6] https://www.techrepublic.com/article/news-tiobe-commentary-dec-2025/

[7] https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/

[8] https://pypl.github.io/PYPL.html

This week System76 launched the first stable release of its [1]Rust-based COSMIC desktop environment . Announced [2]in 2021 , it's designed for all GNU/Linux distributions — and it shipping with Pop!_OS 24.04 LTS (based on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS).

An anonymous reader shared [3]this report from 9to5Linux :

> Previous Pop!_OS releases used a version of the COSMIC desktop that was based on the GNOME desktop environment. However, System76 wanted to create a new desktop environment from scratch while keeping the same familiar interface and user experience built for efficiency and fun. This means that some GNOME apps have been replaced by COSMIC apps, including COSMIC Files instead of Nautilus (Files), COSMIC Terminal instead of GNOME Terminal, COSMIC Text Editor instead of GNOME Text Editor, and COSMIC Media Player instead of Totem (Video Player).

>

> Also, the Pop!_Shop graphical package manager used in previous Pop!_OS releases has now been replaced by a new app called COSMIC Store.

"If you're ambitious enough, or maybe just crazy enough, there eventually comes a time when you realize you've reached the limits of current potential, and must create something completely new if you're to go further..." [4]explains System76 founder/CEO Carl Richell :

> For twenty years we have shipped Linux computers. For seven years we've built the Pop!_OS Linux distribution. Three years ago it became clear we had reached the limit of our current potential and had to create something new. Today, we break through that limit with the release of Pop!_OS 24.04 LTS with the COSMIC Desktop Environment. Today is special not only in that it's the culmination of over three years of work, but even more so in that System76 has built a complete desktop environment for the open source community... I hope you love what we've built for you. Now go out there and create. Push the limits, make incredible things, and have fun doing it!



[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IyXzjnd6q3g

[2] https://tech.slashdot.org/story/21/11/08/0154240/system76-engineer-confirms-work-on-new-rust-written-desktop-not-based-on-gnome

[3] https://9to5linux.com/system76-launches-first-stable-release-of-cosmic-desktop-and-pop_os-24-04-lts

[4] https://blog.system76.com/post/pop-os-letter-from-our-founder

This week the Free Software Foundation honored Andy Wingo, Alx Sa, and Govdirectory [1]with this year's annual Free Software Awards (given to community members and groups making "significant" contributions to software freedom):

> Andy Wingo is one of the co-maintainers of [2]GNU Guile , the official extension language of the GNU operating system and the Scheme "backbone" of [3]GNU Guix . Upon receiving the award, he stated: "Since I learned about free software, the vision of a world in which hackers freely share and build on each others' work has been a profound inspiration to me, and I am humbled by this recognition of my small efforts in the context of the Guile Scheme implementation. I thank my co-maintainer, Ludovic Courtès, for his comradery over the years: we are just building on the work of the past maintainers of Guile, and I hope that we live long enough to congratulate its many future maintainers."

>

> The 2024 Award for [4]Outstanding New Free Software Contributor went to Alx Sa for work on the [5]GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP). When asked to comment, Alx responded: "I am honored to receive this recognition! I started contributing to the GNU Image Manipulation Program as a way to return the favor because of all the cool things it's allowed me to do. Thanks to the help and mentorship of amazing people like Jehan Pagès, Jacob Boerema, Liam Quin, and so many others, I hope I've been able to help other people do some cool new things, too."

>

> [6]Govdirectory was presented with this year's [7]Award for Projects of Social Benefit , given to a project or team responsible for applying free software, or the ideas of the free software movement, to intentionally and significantly benefit society. Govdirectory provides a collaborative and fact-checked listing of government addresses, phone numbers, websites, and social media accounts, all of which can be viewed with free software and under a free license, allowing people to always reach their representatives in freedom...

>

> The FSF plans to further highlight the Free Software Award winners in a series of events scheduled for the new year to celebrate their contributions to free software.



[1] https://www.fsf.org/news/2024-free-software-awards-winners

[2] https://gnu.org/s/guile

[3] https://gnu.org/s/guix

[4] https://www.fsf.org/awards/onfsc-award

[5] https://gimp.org/

[6] https://govdirectory.org/

[7] https://www.fsf.org/awards/sb-award

"The entire java.applet package has been removed from JDK 26, which will release in March 2026," [1]notes Inside Java .

But long-time Slashdot reader [2]AirHog links to this blog post reminding us that " [3]Applets Are Officially Gone, But Java In The Browser Is Better Than Ever ."

> This brings to an official end the era of applets, which began in 1996. However, for years it has been possible to build modern, interactive web pages in Java without needing applets or plugins. [4]TeaVM provides fast, performant, and lightweight tooling to transpile Java to run natively in the browser...

>

> TeaVM, at its heart, transpiles Java code into JavaScript (or, these days, WASM). However, in order for Java code to be useful for web apps, much more is required, and TeaVM delivers. It includes a minifier, to shrink the generated code and obfuscate the intent, to complicate reverse-engineering. It has a tree-shaker to eliminate unused methods and classes, keeping your app download compact. It packages your code into a single file for easy distribution and inclusion in your HTML page. It also includes wrappers for all popular browser APIs, so you can invoke them from your Java code easily, with full IDE assistance and auto-correct.

The blog post also touts [5]Flavour , an open-source framework "for coding, packaging, and optimizing single-page apps implemented in Java... a full front-end toolkit with templates, routing, components, and more" to "build your modern single-page app using 100% Java."



[1] https://inside.java/2025/12/03/applet-removal/

[2] https://www.slashdot.org/~AirHog

[3] https://frequal.com/java/AppletsGoneButJavaInTheBrowserBetterThanEver.html

[4] https://teavm.org/

[5] https://flavour.sourceforge.io/

A Utah-based startup announced last week it used AI to locate a 250-degree Fahrenheit geothermal reservoir, [1]reports CNN . It'll start producing electricity in three to five years, the company estimates — and at least one geologist believes AI could be an exciting "gamechanger" for the geothermal industry.

> [Startup Zanskar Geothermal & Minerals] named it "Big Blind," because this kind of site — which has no visual indication of its existence, no hot springs or geysers above ground, and no history of geothermal exploration — is known as a "blind" system. It's the first industry-discovered blind site in more than three decades, said Carl Hoiland, co-founder and CEO of Zanskar. "The idea that geothermal is tapped out has been the narrative for decades," but that's far from the case, he told CNN. He believes there are many more hidden sites across the Western U.S.

>

> Geothermal energy is a potential gamechanger. It offers the tantalizing prospect of a huge source of clean energy to meet burgeoning demand. It's near limitless, produces scarcely any climate pollution, and is constantly available, unlike wind and solar, which are cheap but rely on the sun shining and the wind blowing. The problem, however, has been how to find and scale it. It requires a specific geology: underground reservoirs of hot water or steam, along with porous rocks that allow the water to move through them, heat up, and be brought to the surface where it can power turbines... The AI models Zanskar uses are fed information on where blind systems already exist. This data is plentiful as, over the last century and more, humans have accidentally stumbled on many around the world while drilling for other resources such as oil and gas.

>

> The models then scour huge amounts of data — everything from rock composition to magnetic fields — to find patterns that point to the existence of geothermal reserves. AI models have "gotten really good over the last 10 years at being able to pull those types of signals out of noise," Hoiland said...

>

> Zanskar's discovery "is very significant," said James Faulds, a professor of geosciences at Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology.... Estimates suggest over three-quarters of US geothermal resources are blind, Faulds told CNN. "Refining methods to find such systems has the potential to unleash many tens and perhaps hundreds of gigawatts in the western US alone," he said... Big Blind is the company's first blind site discovery, but it's the third site it has drilled and hit commercial resources. "We expect dozens, to eventually hundreds, of new sites to be coming to market," Hoiland said.... Hoiland says Zanskar's work shows conventional geothermal still has huge untapped potential.

Thanks to long-time Slashdot reader [2]schwit1 for sharing the article.



[1] https://www.cnn.com/2025/12/12/climate/blind-geothermal-clean-energy-discovery

[2] https://www.slashdot.org/~schwit1

Choosing your browser "is one of the most important digital decisions you can make, shaping how you experience the web, protect your data, and express yourself online," says the Firefox blog. They've urged readers to "take a stand for independence and control in your digital life."

But they also recently polled 8,000 adults in [1]France , [2]Germany , the [3]UK and the [4]U.S. on "how they navigate choice and control both online and offline" (attending in-person events in Chicago, Berlin, LA, and Munich, San Diego, Stuttgart):

> The survey, conducted by research agency YouGov, showcases a tension between people's desire to have control over their data and digital privacy, and the reality of the internet today — a reality defined by Big Tech platforms that make it difficult for people to exercise meaningful choice online:

>

>

> — Only 16% feel in control of their privacy choices (highest in Germany at 21%)

>

> — 24% feel it's "too late" because Big Tech already has too much control or knows too much about them. And 36% said the feeling of Big Tech companies knowing too much about them is frustrating — highest among respondents in the U.S. (43%) and the UK (40%)

>

> — Practices respondents said frustrated them were Big Tech using their data to train AI without their permission (38%) and tracking their data without asking (47%; highest in U.S. — 55% and lowest in France — 39%)

>

>

> And from our existing [5]research on browser choice , we know more about how defaults that are hard to change and confusing settings can bury alternatives, limiting people's ability to choose for themselves — the real problem that fuels these dynamics.

>

> Taken together our new and existing insights could also explain why, when asked which actions feel like the strongest expressions of their independence online, choosing not to share their data (44%) was among the top three responses in each country (46% in the UK; 45% in the U.S.; 44% in France; 39% in Germany)... We also see a powerful signal in how people think about choosing the communities and platforms they join — for 29% of respondents, this was one of their top three expressions of independence online.

"For Firefox, community has always been at the heart of what we do," says their VP of Global Marketing, "and we'll keep fighting to put real choice and control back in people's hands so the web once again feels like it belongs to the communities that shape it."

At TwitchCon in San Diego Firefox even [6]launched a satirical new online card game with a privacy theme called Data War .



[1] https://blog.mozilla.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/278/files/2025/12/FR-Results_-Firefox-x-YouGov-2025-Choice-Survey.pdf

[2] https://blog.mozilla.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/278/files/2025/12/DE-Results_-Firefox-x-YouGov-2025-Choice-Survey.pdf

[3] https://blog.mozilla.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/278/files/2025/12/UK-Results_-Firefox-x-YouGov-2025-Choice-Survey.pdf

[4] https://blog.mozilla.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/278/files/2025/12/US-Results_-Firefox-x-YouGov-2025-Choice-Survey.pdf

[5] https://research.mozilla.org/browser-competition/

[6] https://blog.mozilla.org/en/firefox/bbo-data-war-digital-game/