News: 1715681711

  ARM Give a man a fire and he's warm for a day, but set fire to him and he's warm for the rest of his life (Terry Pratchett, Jingo)

The UK reveals it's spending millions on quantum navigation

(2024/05/14)


The UK has just completed commercial flight trials of quantum-based navigation systems that are designed to be immune to conventional jamming and spoofing.

Position, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) systems rely on precision timekeeping. The theory goes that by stirring quantum technology into the mix – in this case, ultracold atoms cooled to near absolute zero – the system could be used as an alternative to Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) or the Global Positioning System (GPS) for location, navigation, and timing data.

Two quantum technologies, the Tiqker optical atomic clock and core elements of a quantum inertial sensor, [1]took to the air aboard QinetiQ's RJ100 Airborne Technology Demonstrator.

[2]

The hope is that the technology will form part of a Quantum Inertial Navigation System (Q-INS) that is resistant to jamming and spoofing by hostile actors.

[3]

[4]

The UK and many other countries rely on GNSS/GPS, a situation that creates a single point of failure. While several satellite constellations provide navigation services, such as Europe's Galileo or the US GPS, disruption could cause issues for defense and economic activities. Hence, a need to develop something that could reduce that reliance.

Roger McKinlay, Challenge Director Quantum Technologies at Innovate UK, part of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), said: "Modern infrastructure is increasingly dependent on highly accurate timing and navigation derived from satellite signals.

[5]

"These flight tests mark the culmination of two excellent projects, funded through UKRI, which Infleqtion has had the vision to create and the deftness in leadership to execute with an outstanding team of collaborators."

Infleqtion is Tiqker's maker, a quantum specialist with products specializing in timing, sensing, and navigation, as well as software aimed at quantum computers. The company describes its [6]Tiqker as a "Next-Generation Atomic Frequency Reference."

The UK government has backed the project with £8 million ($10 million), and the hope is that by 2030, the system will be deployed on aircraft to add resilience and accuracy independent of satellite signals.

[7]

Other members of the consortium working alongside Infleqtion and QinetiQ include BAE systems.

Henry White, Sensing Technology Lead at BAE Systems, said: "These trials are an important step forward in developing quantum technology that could ultimately offer a significant military advantage."

While impressive, the idea of using quantum technology to liberate users from reliance on GPS is hardly new. A team from London's Imperial College unveiled a prototype [8]quantum "compass" in 2018. A quantum sensor built at the college was also [9]tested in collaboration with the Royal Navy in 2023 .

[10]US reckons it's about time the Moon had its own time zone

[11]Network Rail steps back from geofencing over safety fears

[12]GPS interference now a major flight safety concern for airline industry

[13]'Peregrine falcon'-style drone swarms could help defend UK against Gatwick copycat attacks

UK Science Minister Andrew Griffith said, "From passenger flights to shipping, we all depend on navigation systems that are accurate, safe and secure. The scientific research we are supporting here on quantum technology could well provide the resilience to protect our interests.

"The fact that this technology has flown for the first time in British skies, is further proof of the UK as one of the world leaders on quantum." ®

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[1] https://www.gov.uk/government/news/un-jammable-quantum-tech-takes-flight-to-boost-uks-resilience-against-hostile-actors

[2] https://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/gampad/jump?co=1&iu=/6978/reg_onprem/networks&sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&tile=2&c=2ZkOKobZ@8a0EFENClF-WsgAAAFA&t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D2%26raptor%3Dcondor%26pos%3Dtop%26test%3D0

[3] https://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/gampad/jump?co=1&iu=/6978/reg_onprem/networks&sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&tile=4&c=44ZkOKobZ@8a0EFENClF-WsgAAAFA&t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D4%26raptor%3Dfalcon%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0

[4] https://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/gampad/jump?co=1&iu=/6978/reg_onprem/networks&sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&tile=3&c=33ZkOKobZ@8a0EFENClF-WsgAAAFA&t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D3%26raptor%3Deagle%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0

[5] https://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/gampad/jump?co=1&iu=/6978/reg_onprem/networks&sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&tile=4&c=44ZkOKobZ@8a0EFENClF-WsgAAAFA&t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D4%26raptor%3Dfalcon%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0

[6] https://www.infleqtion.com/tiqker

[7] https://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/gampad/jump?co=1&iu=/6978/reg_onprem/networks&sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&tile=3&c=33ZkOKobZ@8a0EFENClF-WsgAAAFA&t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D3%26raptor%3Deagle%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0

[8] https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/188973/quantum-compass-could-allow-navigation-without/

[9] https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/245114/quantum-sensor-future-navigation-system-tested/

[10] https://www.theregister.com/2024/04/03/coordinated_lunar_time/

[11] https://www.theregister.com/2024/03/12/network_rail_pulls_geofencing_over/

[12] https://www.theregister.com/2024/01/29/satellite_navigation_jamming_now_a/

[13] https://www.theregister.com/2019/11/05/peregrine_falcon_style_attack_drone_swarm_mod_dasa/

[14] https://whitepapers.theregister.com/



Lee D

Are we gonna fund this "GPS alternative" almost to completion and then vote to leave it too?

AndrueC

Either that or use the tried and tested model that has worked well for even longer:

Drop all funding and sell/give the information to another country so that they can bring it to market and make money off it.

elsergiovolador

Almost there.

Cut funding, increase taxes, get HMRC involved with some bogus investigation, make company run out of money, give donors a tip that there is a bargain to buy out.

eLoran

DancesWithPoultry

A "GPS alterative" or rather a GNSS alternative [1] developed and used in the UK was eLoran (a rather good longwave system, not to be confused with the old Loran-C).

The system was built and switched on in 2014, giving positioning accuracies of < 10m over much of the UK and surrounding seas...... for a period of months until government funding was pulled. (Though, Korea kept their e-Loran system running due to their Northern friends playing silly buggers jamming GNSS). Pulling the plug on eLoran is now something the UK government is starting to regret. It will take years to get it up and running again.

And no, eLoran isn't a substitute for quantum navigation, or a direct substitute for GNSS, but it is a damn good string in our bow of resilient position, navigation and timing (PNT) in the UK. What's more, eLoran could be had for relative peanuts compared to the others.

Its another example of good work by British Boffins going to waste thanks to government.

[1] There are four Global Navigation Sattelite Systems (GNSS), namely Galileo, Glonass, GPS and Beidou. All four are as piss easy to jam as each other. On the other hand, jamming a strong longwave eLoran signal is rather more difficult to say the least.

Re: eLoran

Yet Another Anonymous coward

> jamming a strong longwave eLoran signal is rather more difficult to say the least.

But it does tend to attract interest when you turn up in Russia to install eLoran stations around all their strategic targets

quantum inertial sensor

Bebu

Hadn't a clue what this was - cynically thinking marketing just put the buzzword 'quantum' in front of a gyroscope. :)

A quick search tells me that it can be an accelerometer constructed from a atom interferometer which uses the wave properties (quantum) of atoms instead of photons.

So an inertial navigation system that has very low drift and high precision. Presumably requires extremely accurate and precise time keeping and the precise interferometry.

Must still be some clever people out there. ;)

Re: quantum inertial sensor

Dave 126

Indeed. More accurate than atomic clocks are optical clocks, which have only recently escaped the lab and into a rack mount. The first example application the developers give is 'GNSS resilience'.

https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20231113157771/en/Vector-Atomic-brings-world%E2%80%99s-first-rackmount-optical-clock-to-market

Re: quantum inertial sensor

Hans Neeson-Bumpsadese

I assume that you'd need two of these...one to tell you your position, and another to tell you your speed & direction

Re: quantum inertial sensor

Anonymous Coward

I'm uncertain

Re: quantum inertial sensor

I ain't Spartacus

Must still be some clever people out there. ;)

[1]Obligatory Blockheads link (mildly NSFW Youtube)

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q63UoIPZFe0

Tom7

I'm curious on performance and cost here. I've worked with a gyro-based INS in the past that could achieve on the order of a few km of error over 24 hours of operation. It was - how can I put this - pretty seriously not cheap. Though the system was, admittedly, decades old by the time I worked with it.

This is the kind of thing that attracts pretty well-policed export controls (it turns out to be quite useful if you're building a cruise missile, for instance) so I'm guessing those details aren't going to be public for a while.

I ain't Spartacus

I believe the Ukranians have ceased using the US built small diameter glide-bombs that were bodged together to be fired from HIMARS launchers because of Russian GPS jamming. They were a stop-gap while the administration were unwilling to ship ATACAMS - but it does show that weapons already can't rely on just satellite navigation. Both sides have had problems with GPS jamming interfering with their aim.

As the article says at the end, a presumably larger version of this was trialled on a Royal Navy ship last year. The Navy would want it anyway, for their submarines, even if satellites were guaranteed to always work perfectly.

The RAF's Paveway IV has an inertial backup in case of GPS failure - and can also be laser guided. Apparently the Storm Shadow / SCALP cruise missile only uses GPS as a backup, relying on a system of waypoints with programmed visual cues for its infrared imaging camera and inertial navigation as well. I guess it pays to be paranoid.

There's also been a lot of problems with air navigation in the Baltic region - because Russia keeps jamming GPS, and its caused quite a lot of problems with civilian flights.

Unlike the Cold War, where the Soviet Union often decided to be predictable in exchange for an easy life for themselves - Putin's regime appear to be quite nihilist and would often rather fuck with other people at whatever cost to themselves just to prove that they are still important. It's a sort of global dick-measuring thing, that sadly interferes with everyone else's map-measuring. Iran also seems to be in a bit of a chaos-agent mode at the moment, so I think we're just going to have to accept that common international standards will be a target and so we're going to have to harden things like civilian navigation systems.

Anonymous Coward

Doesn't Galileo support an additional "channel" for military use, offering better precision and resistance to jamming?

I ain't Spartacus

Doesn't Galileo support an additional "channel" for military use, offering better precision and resistance to jamming?

I believe so, as I think does GPS.

I assume that these make GPS-spoofing a lot harder. But jamming a satellite signal, which is quite weak, is relatively easy when you have enough power. So I suspect it's only a marginal improvement - in terms of avoiding jamming. Although the closer you are to the satellite, and the further you are from the jammer - particularly if you've got an antenna that can filter out signals from the wrong direction - the better you're going to do. Military GPS sets are bound to be more expensive and have more bells and whistles.

Quantum Navigation System for planes

Howard Sway

It's based on the theory of Schrodinger's Airline, where you have no idea which airport you're going to arrive at until the plane has landed. Or Ryanair as it's more popularly known.

Re: Quantum Navigation System for planes

Mike 137

But if you subscribe to field theory, all trains go thought Clapham Junction, (or conversely, Clapham Junction goes through all trains).

Re: Quantum Navigation System for planes

I ain't Spartacus

Are you sure it's not Boedinger's airline? It's only when the aeroplane box opens that you discover whether the bolts have been installed on the doors at the Boeing factory...

Re: Quantum Navigation System for planes

spold

It means you can have arrived and not arrived at the same time. Should make airport arrival boards interesting.

Re: Quantum Navigation System for planes

R Soul

Ryanair's "airports" have arrival boards? Who knew?

Stoic Skeptic

Didn't Howard Wolowitz invent this?

https://youtu.be/az44pMHvUYk?si=twlHYJprZpnJ-Owy

Only eight million?

heyrick

They've pissed away 30-40 times that sending nobody to Rwanda.

At least this has the potential to be useful.

Re: Only eight million?

LogicGate

You have not "pissed away 30-40 times that sending nobody to Rwanda"

You have pissed it away trying unsucessfully to buy the xenophobic vote for the Tories.

Re: Only eight million?

Yet Another Anonymous coward

>You have pissed it away trying unsucessfully to buy the xenophobic vote for the Tories.

Seems an expensive way to go about it.

You could just pay a few voters in marginal constituencies directly.

Or even cheaper - just pay a few journalists at a couple of tabloids to say that you have deported millions already

There are many of us in this old world of ours who hold that things break
about even for all of us. I have observed, for example, that we all get
about the same amount of ice. The rich get it in the summer and the poor
get it in the winter.
-- Bat Masterson