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  ARM Give a man a fire and he's warm for a day, but set fire to him and he's warm for the rest of his life (Terry Pratchett, Jingo)

NASA boffins seem to think we're worth saving from fiery asteroid death so they're shooting a spaceship at one

(2021/11/24)


NASA and the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory's (APL) [1]Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission is under way [2]following a successful launch atop a SpaceX Falcon 9.

It was the third flight for this particular booster, and launch was from Vandenberg Space Launch Complex in California at 0620 UTC. The booster went on to make SpaceX's usual crowd-pleasing landing on a drone-ship.

As for DART itself, the mission is a demonstration of the kinetic impactor technique to change the motion of an asteroid. The targets, a binary near-Earth asteroid dubbed Didymos, and Dimorphos, its moonlet, will be intercepted by the spacecraft next September.

[3]

The larger body of the Didymos system is approximately 780 metres across, and its moonlet is around 160 metres in size, separated from the asteroid by just over a kilometre. The moonlet revolves around the larger body once every 11.9 hours. The plan is to crash DART into the moonlet at a speed of approximately 6.6km/s. Scientists expect the collision to change the speed of the moonlet in its orbit by a fraction of 1 per cent. Not huge, but enough to change the orbital period by several minutes and, importantly, be observable from Earth.

[4]Engineers investigating iffy solar array latch on NASA's Lucy as probe begins long journey to Trojan asteroids

[5]Oh my, Grandma, what a big meteorite you have right there on your pillow under that hole in the roof

[6]Saturday start for NASA's Lucy probe on its 12-year quest to map Jupiter's Trojan asteroids

[7]Solar System's fastest-orbiting asteroid spotted, flies closer to the Sun than Mercury

To be clear, Didymos and Dimorphos do not pose a threat to Earth. Rather, the demonstration will show whether, in principle, intentionally crashing a spacecraft into an asteroid will alter its course.

The DART spacecraft does not have much in the way of a scientific payload but will be showing off new technologies for navigation and manoeuvring as well as Roll-Out Solar Arrays (ROSA) for power (a first for deep space). Thrust will come from an electric propulsion system.

☀️ The warmth of sunshine on just-unrolled solar panels. Nothing like it.

Our [8]#DARTMission has unfurled its two 28-foot-long solar arrays, the last milestone in today's successful launch. [9]https://t.co/CwG2zVCsl7 [10]pic.twitter.com/sqkgqdbHin — NASA (@NASA) [11]November 24, 2021

Also along for the ride is the Italian Space Agency's Light Italian CubeSat for Imaging of Asteroids (LICIACube), which will be ejected from the DART spacecraft to make observations of the Didymos system following the impact.

Assuming all goes well, more detailed observations of DART's impact are due to be undertaken by [12]ESA's Hera mission . Hera is expected to launch on an Ariane 6 in 2024 to take a close-up look at the aftermath of DART's impact in 2026. ®

Get our [13]Tech Resources



[1] https://www.nasa.gov/planetarydefense/dart

[2] https://blogs.nasa.gov/dart/2021/11/24/nasas-dart-mission-launches/

[3] https://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/gampad/jump?co=1&iu=/6978/reg_offbeat/science&sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&tile=2&c=2YZ5vvp@tN7wc6reMPcQXSwAAAAA&t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D2%26raptor%3Dcondor%26pos%3Dtop%26test%3D0

[4] https://www.theregister.com/2021/10/18/lucy_solar_array_issue/

[5] https://www.theregister.com/2021/10/13/meteorite_lands_on_canadian_womans_bed/

[6] https://www.theregister.com/2021/10/12/nasa_lucy_asteroid/

[7] https://www.theregister.com/2021/08/24/fastest_asteroid_solar_system/

[8] https://twitter.com/hashtag/DARTMission?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw

[9] https://t.co/CwG2zVCsl7

[10] https://t.co/sqkgqdbHin

[11] https://twitter.com/NASA/status/1463441008834797568?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw

[12] https://www.esa.int/Safety_Security/Hera/Planetary_defenders_after_NASA_s_DART_comes_ESA_s_Hera

[13] https://whitepapers.theregister.com/



Potemkine!

To be clear, Didymos and Dimorphos do not pose a threat to Earth

They don't pose a threat yet. That may change after the impact.

Timbo

You are assuming that the DART guidance system actually works correctly and actually gets to it's target.

Of course it's REAL target could be a nice shiny Russian or Chinese satellite currently minding it's own business...(or even eavesdropping on other businesses ;-) )

Impacts are not always bad

Version 1.0

Had the Earth not been struck 50 million years ago we would probably never have evolved, back then we were just furry little balls crawling around on the surface trying to steal the dinosaurs eggs and without the impact we would never have been more than a meal. That asteroid impact lead to our evolution and lots of birds flying around so I think that it was very nice!

Re: Impacts are not always bad

Pascal Monett

Yeah but the next impact will be a lot less nice for us.

Best we avoid that.

Re: Impacts are not always bad

Version 1.0

LOL Pascal, I don't disagree with you, certainly a huge impact could turn the world into a snowball again but a relatively small impact might fix our current climate change issues by causing a temperature drop for the next 100 years and could have the effect of making every nation start to work together to create a better and safer world for the entire human race, not just one country. The threat of an impact should be making us think that we are a world in space, not just a collection of idiots in one country that thinks that they are so much smarter than every other country (I see that criticism as applying to every country not one or another).

On the other hand, we haven't had a really bad volcanic eruption for thousands of years, one bad eruption might be worse than an average asteroid sized impact and there's a fair bit of evidence that climate change threatens a classic huge volcanic eruption.

Re: Impacts are not always bad

jason_derp

"Had the Earth not been struck 50 million years ago we would probably never have evolved"

Well, you convinced me. Asteroid impacts can have horrible, unintended consequences. Best we be careful, then.

Shame to see Bruce & Clint go,

tip pc

Shame to see those ageing Hollywood actors go but it’s not like there wasn’t a couple of documentaries that charted their future.

Re: Shame to see Bruce & Clint go,

Timbo

Well - Richard (Duvall) and Tommy (Lee Jones) didn't come back, but Clint did !

But perhaps

Anonymous Coward

we could send Ben Affleck along, just for good measure. (And to prevent further encroachments of utter mediocrity on the Batman universe)

Re: But perhaps

BinkyTheMagicPaperclip

Affleck was actually quite good as Batman, it's the script that was awful. I'd quite happily see him in another film where they spend actual money on the plot and script rather than special effects.

Hollywood Fantasists

m4r35n357

Hilarious to think people really believe we can solve this "problem" with guns! (_if_ we detect it in time, and _if_ it is small enough, and _if_ it is still far enough away, and _if_ we can still see it . . . etc.)

Even funnier is people thinking we can "just" blow stuff like this up.

Re: Hollywood Fantasists

Chris G

As usual you have forgotten the troll icon but I would be very interested in any valid researched reasons why this may not have an effect.

At least NASA are doing some research and I daresay have probably modeled some likely outcomes just to see if the DART mission could end in tears.

The extended longevity of so many of NASA's missions is not down to solely blind luck, they tend to think a bit before acting.

Re: thinking we can "just" blow stuff like this up.

Paul Kinsler

They are not blowing anything up. They are giving one rock (which is in orbit around another, larger rock) a tiny nudge to see how it is affected. *IF* it is affected, the small rock will stay in orbit around the larger one, but just be in a slightly different orbit.

From my (admittedly limited) reading, even the "nuke it" options are usually intended to slightly alter trajectories, rather than being about turning the target into an expanding cloud of space gravel.

Re: Hollywood Fantasists

imanidiot

Why wouldn't it work? F=ma and E=1/2*mv^2 tells us that it does. All other outside influences eliminated hitting something heavy with something much lighter moving at a high relative velocity will change the velocity vector of the heavy thing. What is being demonstrated here is just how efficient such a high velocity impact will be, and that the technology required to find such a target in the vast emptiness of space, rendezvous with it and precisely target the impact works. The math on WHY it works is simple. The technology to actually do so is far from trivial.

Re: Hollywood Fantasists

m4r35n357

To those who reply without reading, I never said this wouldn't be successful. I am commenting on why they are doing it, and how pointless it is considering all the ifs (I only suggested a few obvious ones). Oh never mind . . .

Let's see what damage is done to diddymoon.

John Robson

Be interesting to see how solid a body it is, or if it's just a loosely bound bunch of gravel.

Re: Let's see what damage is done to diddymoon.

Martin Gregorie

or if it's just a loosely bound bunch of gravel.

I get the impression that it may be merely a huge heap of low density pumice, given that the only small asteroids explored to date (Ryugu and Bennu) turned out to be loosely assembled rock piles. Even the boulders on Bennu's surface were light and fragile, judging by the way they were moved about by the low velocity impact and airblast of Osiris-Rex's sampling touch and go maneuver.

Its also noticeable that the only bigger asteroids visited so far (Eros, Vesta and Ceres) seemed to be rather more solid, with NEAR's landing on Eros showing what looks like a rather more compacted surface.

This all makes me wonder if DART may simply fly through the moonlet, with the shock of the collision turning the latter into a rapidly dispersing cloud of disintegrating pieces of low density pumice.

At least we won't have all that long to wait before we see what happens when DART scores 50.

Re: Let's see what damage is done to diddymoon.

John Robson

Sample size of two is hardly conclusive (but it's certainly a strong option), and I'm pretty sure that DART itself will suffer badly - even hitting a reasonably sized cloud of dust at >6km/s will do that to... well anything really.

I expect

Anonymous Coward

chain reaction with the obvious result, hopefully not in my lifetime ;)

Project Orion

SkippyBing

As with most space related problems this could be solved far more elegantly by resurrecting Project Orion. Then you'd have some serious mass to use redirecting pesky asteroids.

Theoretically...

Pen-y-gors

It does make sense. A fraction of 1% change in speed/direction a few million km out can have a big effect by the time Earth orbit is reached - the difference between taking out the ISS and taking out New York.

But it will need preparation.

Presumably if DART proves the principle, it will be wise to shift some large masses into orbit on stand-by to be shoved in the right direction when needed?

Firmware update in the coffee machine