News: 1761824902

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Azure's bad night fuels fresh calls for cloud diversification in Europe

(2025/10/30)


As Azure staggers back to its feet following an hours-long outage last night, British and European businesses are questioning their reliance on Microsoft's cloud infrastructure.

UK retailers Asda and Marks & Spencer were among those affected, as was Dutch Railways, with the group's online travel planner and ticket purchasing systems [1]reportedly knocked sideways.

[2]According to Microsoft, the cause was "an inadvertent tenant configuration change within Azure Front Door (AFD)" that affected both Microsoft services and customer applications. The impact began at 15:45 UTC, with mitigation confirmed by midnight.

[3]

The end-of-day timing minimized disruption, but organizations relying on Azure still faced hours of scrambling to restore services.

[4]

[5]

Lisa Webb, a consumer law expert for Which?, said: "Large-scale outages underline how dependent everyday life has become on tech providers. With services from airports and supermarkets to banks and communications networks relying on Microsoft's systems, millions of people could be affected.

"For consumers, this could mean being unable to make payments, access important accounts, or complete time-sensitive tasks, problems that can quickly lead to missed bills, overdraft charges, or other financial knock-on effects."

[6]

With both [7]AWS and [8]Azure suffering major failures recently, organizations will be taking a close look at their dependencies.

Nicky Stewart, Senior Advisor to the Open Cloud Coalition - which counts Google as a backer - said the outage, "highlights the systemic risk of Europe's dependence on the two dominant cloud providers. Successive outages on this scale show how a single technical fault can ripple through essential services, public infrastructure, and the wider economy."

[9]Microsoft Azure challenges AWS for downtime crown

[10]Amazon Web Services' US-EAST-1 region in trouble again, with EC2 and container services impacted

[11]UK politicians to draft outage blueprint after AWS calamity

[12]Amazon axes 14,000 desk jobs in AI-powered slimming plan

Repeated disruption underscores the need for diversification, she added, urging the UK's competition regulator to introduce [13]rememdies that help create a "more open, competitive, and interoperable cloud market."

Mark Boost, CEO of Civo,questioned why UK institutions rely on infrastructure "hosted thousands of miles away," noting that "the real systemic risk is fragility caused by concentration." He urged policymakers to "rethink procurement, fund sovereign alternatives, and make resilience a baseline requirement."

Events of the past week highlighted that "resilience cannot come from dependency", he said, pressing for a domestically governed cloud strategy.

[14]

Matthew Hodgson, CEO of the Element communications platform, called for governments to rethink their infrastructure strategies.

"The trouble with big centralized systems," he said, "be it Microsoft Azure, AWS, Microsoft Teams, Signal, Slack or Zoom, is that they suffer global outages because they have single points of failure. True resilience comes from decentralization and self-hosting."

The back-to-back failures from Microsoft and AWS have made the case for cloud diversification less possible to ignore. ®

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[1] https://nltimes.nl/2025/10/29/ns-hit-microsoft-cloud-outage-travel-planner-ticket-machines-affected

[2] https://azure.status.microsoft/en-us/status/history/#:~:text=Preliminary%20Post%20Incident%20Review%20(PIR)%20%E2%80%93%20Azure%20Networking%20%E2%80%93%20Global%20WAN%20issues%20(Tracking%20ID%20VSG1%2DB90)

[3] https://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/gampad/jump?co=1&iu=/6978/reg_offprem/paasiaas&sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&tile=2&c=2aQOZqV3L8mit-q54wJhuBQAAARM&t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D2%26raptor%3Dcondor%26pos%3Dtop%26test%3D0

[4] https://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/gampad/jump?co=1&iu=/6978/reg_offprem/paasiaas&sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&tile=4&c=44aQOZqV3L8mit-q54wJhuBQAAARM&t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D4%26raptor%3Dfalcon%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0

[5] https://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/gampad/jump?co=1&iu=/6978/reg_offprem/paasiaas&sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&tile=3&c=33aQOZqV3L8mit-q54wJhuBQAAARM&t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D3%26raptor%3Deagle%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0

[6] https://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/gampad/jump?co=1&iu=/6978/reg_offprem/paasiaas&sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&tile=4&c=44aQOZqV3L8mit-q54wJhuBQAAARM&t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D4%26raptor%3Dfalcon%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0

[7] https://www.theregister.com/2025/10/27/aws_outage_myths_reality/

[8] https://www.theregister.com/2025/10/29/microsoft_azure_outage/

[9] https://www.theregister.com/2025/10/29/microsoft_azure_outage/

[10] https://www.theregister.com/2025/10/29/aws_us_east_1_more_problems/

[11] https://www.theregister.com/2025/10/29/uk_govt_outage_plan/

[12] https://www.theregister.com/2025/10/28/amazon_14000_jobs_cut/

[13] https://www.theregister.com/2025/07/31/cma_aws_microsoft_sms/

[14] https://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/gampad/jump?co=1&iu=/6978/reg_offprem/paasiaas&sz=300x50%7C300x100%7C300x250%7C300x251%7C300x252%7C300x600%7C300x601&tile=3&c=33aQOZqV3L8mit-q54wJhuBQAAARM&t=ct%3Dns%26unitnum%3D3%26raptor%3Deagle%26pos%3Dmid%26test%3D0

[15] https://whitepapers.theregister.com/



A good idea.

nematoad

Yes, let's repatriate our data to the UK and Europe.

That way the US "Cloud Act" won't enable Trump and co. to peer over the government's and others shoulders.

Oh, it's also a good idea because you won't have to travel so far to kick a few arses when the the whole thing goes tits up.

Re: A good idea.

elsergiovolador

But European cloud masters can't afford the same quality wine and steak.

Re: A good idea.

Vikingforties

Or snake oil for that matter, if we're talking about foodstuffs.

Not only businesses…

Anonymous Coward

It seems that the USA potentially no longer needs to actually physically invade a country to bring down governments and inflict regime change: they can just bring down their parliamentary voting systems instead (who on earth thought that it would be sensible to outsource - and presumably remotely host - something as mission-critical as that?!!).

"Meanwhile, [1]business at the Scottish Parliament was suspended because of technical issues with the parliament's online voting system .

The outage prompted a postponement of debate over land reform legislation that could allow Scotland to intervene in private sales and require large estates to be broken up.

A senior Scottish Parliament source told BBC News they believed the problems were related to the Microsoft outage."

[1] https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c3rj45n4x5eo

Re: Not only businesses…

JulieM

This is why any serious matter should be voted on with pencils, paper and manual counting by interested parties. All the possible failure modes are thoroughly documented.

an inadvertent tenant configuration change within Azure Front Door (AFD)

Oh Matron!

Change Management not a thing at MS, then...

Re: an inadvertent tenant configuration change within Azure Front Door (AFD)

Anonymous Coward

If you no longer do any testing or QA, Change Management must seem like overkill too.

It's not like your customers have any choice anyway..

Re: an inadvertent tenant configuration change within Azure Front Door (AFD)

BlueJay

A tenant change? Bobby Tables strikes again...

goblinski

...The end-of-day timing minimized disruption...

Yep, in all locations where it was end of day :-D

We wrong-ponders got it for the most part of the day, started right after lunch and was still ongoing at end of day.

Terje

Or you could (drumroll please) Host critical systems internally so you are not reliant on a company that don't care one little bit about you to not screw up and leave you without a working system. Sure there are specific systems where some form of cloud may be the correct solution, but in the end it's the computer of someone who don't give a beep about you and your data/system.

Anonymous Coward

What?

And no longer get free expensive dinners from the monopolies?

Surely you're joking?

/s

"Successive outages on this scale show" . .

Pascal Monett

. . how you should fucking get back to managing your own systems with your own admins and stop depending on the pipe dream of someone else's server.

Yes, I'm an old curmudgeon nearing retirement. Call me boomer, I don't care. You deal with the fallout if you're so smart.

Re: "Successive outages on this scale show" . .

Yet Another Anonymous coward

That's why I run my own version of the reg on my own server.

It covers IT issues in my house to an audience of one. It currently doesn't have many comments since I banned myself

Re: "Successive outages on this scale show" . .

Dave559

"That's why I run my own version of the reg on my own server."

Ah, mirror sites and usenet: more elegant tools for a more civilized age… ;-)

comp.news.media.the-register , anyone?

Re: "Successive outages on this scale show" . .

Dave559

Also, while trying to refresh my memory of what a likely Reg newsgroup name would be like, I came across this:

[1]RFD: Remove comp.unix.user-friendly

Date: Fri, 10 Oct 2025 10:21:57 EDT

RATIONALE:

Last activity in 2009

If there is need for discussion, more general groups can be used.

If even the (metaphorical or otherwise) greybeards have gone away…!

(In all honesty, I'm surprised that (m)any people would be still using usenet at all these days. It sadly (mostly) stopped being useful for me (apart from a few excepted groups which somehow still maintained strong communities), and became completely swamped with spam, and new users stopped arriving, a looong time ago…)

[1] https://www.big-8.org/wiki/Nan:2025-10-10-rfd-comp.unix.user-friendly

Re: "Successive outages on this scale show" . .

Phil E Succour

> In all honesty, I'm surprised that (m)any people would be still using usenet at all these days. It sadly

> (mostly) stopped being useful for me (apart from a few excepted groups which somehow still

> maintained strong communities), and became completely swamped with spam, and new users

> stopped arriving, a looong time ago…

I believe the inflection point was when it was taken over by Google.

Re: "Successive outages on this scale show" . .

Dr Who

I take your point, but we take a hybrid approach.

- We develop our systems so that they are completely independent of the proprietary dev tools of the big 3 (Azure, AWS, and Google Cloud). They are therefore completely provider independent and portable.

- We have VMs spread across multiple service providers in multiple geographic locations.

- We mirror systems across multiple service providers and locations

We don't have to build our own redundant hardware infrastructure, but we get all the benefits of being in total control of our systems. No per transaction charges so costs are predictable and considerably less than on prem. Scaling up or down is easy. You don't have to be able to touch metal to have control.

The reason that people use the proprietary dev tools of the big 3 is that it's very quick and very cheap to build a lot of functionality. But you're then completely locked in and over the barrel with your trousers around your ankles. But hey ... nobody ever got fired for using Microsoft (or Google, or AWS).

Re: "Successive outages on this scale show" . .

elsergiovolador

What about DNS? ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)

Pre-cloud

MatthewSt

Potentially a hot take here, but I don't think the cloud has necessarily made things less reliable than they used to be. Online systems frequently had outages before the cloud came along. I think what the cloud has done has increased awareness of it because a significant chunk of businesses have an outage at the same time, rather than it being isolated incidents that, by themselves, weren't particularly news-worthy

Re: Pre-cloud

Terje

Yes there were outages, but one config change at a company on the other side of the world was unlikely to take you and half the internet down with it.

I don't think most people actually complain about uptime, but the absurd fallout when something do go wrong.

It should also be considered to be a very vulnerable single point of failure, with cost benefit ratio that would make any analyst salivate if a hostile nation / organization want to cause maximum disruption.

Cloud of smoke

elsergiovolador

Wasn’t the entire selling point of cloud computing that this sort of thing could never happen? The industry promised near-mythical uptime, automatic failover, and endless redundancy - all so businesses wouldn’t be crippled by local outages or rogue server updates. Yet one “tenant configuration change” at Microsoft was enough to take down swathes of Europe’s retail, transport, and communications infrastructure. The great irony is that the cloud has become the very thing it was meant to replace: a brittle, centralised system where a single slip (or a cleaner) can bring half the internet to its knees.

Re: Cloud of smoke

retiredFool

Interesting question comes to mind. Does China also rely on single point failures like the west's big 3, microsoft, google, amazon? If I were thinking war strategy, I'd be thinking take out some cloud providers as a first strike.

Re: Cloud of smoke

Like a badger

No, those were side-promises. The entire selling point was that the vendor promises 18% savings on the customer's current costs. My friends in the "advisory" industry assured me that 18% was a magic figure - big enough to make the CFO's pupils dilate, small enough that the vendor could deliver at that price for a couple of years before hiking prices through the remainder of the contract. They were equally clear there were rarely any cost savings - a customer big enough to attract sales attention from a hyperscaler or outsource provider would by definition be big enough that they'd have realised most of the economies - efficient procurement, an existing overhead base (HR, security, legal etc), big enough that there's no people split across multiple jobs, or fractional FTE. Even so, the hyperscalers had a modest cost of sales advantage, eg on DC design, costs of failover capacity, yet that was always more than eaten up by margin, sales costs and technical setup costs.

Corporate memory has an event horizon of three years, so by the time the client was being reamed out, they'd long forgotten what it cost to provide themselves, moreover the route to re-insource your IT is very heavy on front end costs, hence the CFO would veto it.

Re: Cloud of smoke

Cruachan

Kind of, but a lot of the promises on savings are that everything is opex and not capex. No (or far fewer) servers, lower costs on power and cooling and potentially fewer IT staff as well.

The day will no doubt come when a much bigger outage than this, or last week's AWS outage, or another CrowdStrike will destroy faith in cloud computing, and at that time the industry won't be able to adapt the other way quickly because so many firms are deprecating on-prem products.

Curious how this gets pastr compliance in big corporations ?

JimmyPage

Because if they signed it off, then there could be serious action from big shareholders.

Re: Curious how this gets pastr compliance in big corporations ?

elsergiovolador

My anecdotal evidence is that this is actually encouraged by shareholders (who also have shares in the cloud providers). If cloud goes down, this is taken as a fact of life, thing that sometimes happen, like rain or storm.

Mark Boost - MRDA

BlueJay

Might be worth adding the little bit of information that Civo just so happen to have a vested interest in lobbying for a 'sovereign cloud'. Although last time I checked Azure and AWS both had UK locations, if perhaps with varying availability…

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